Alluvium (noun)

A deposit of soil, sand, mud, etc. left by flowing water, especially river water.

Origin:

Late latin, from latin alluvius, from alluere to wash against.

Examples:

1. The alluvium deposited in the delta makes it very fertile.
2. The alluvium along the banks of the river was rich in minerals.
3. Archeologists found valuable artifacts in the alluvium.
4. The alluvium provided crucial evidence of past climates.
5. The farmer used the alluvium as fertilizer for his crops.