Cosine (noun)

A mathematical function used in trigonometry to describe the relationship between the angles and sides of a right triangle.

Origin:

The word 'cosine' is derived from the latin word 'cosinus' which is a transliteration of the greek word 'kosinos' meaning 'complement'. in mathematics, the term was first used by the scottish mathematician john napier in the early 17th century.

Examples:

1. The cosine of an angle is equal to the ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse.
2. In a unit circle, the cosine of an angle is equal to the x-coordinate of the point on the circumference.
3. The cosine function is periodic and has a range of -1 to 1.
4. The cosine similarity is often used in natural language processing to compare the similarity of two documents.
5. The cosine of the complement of an angle is equal to the sine of the angle itself.