Ibidem (adverb)

In the same place or source as previously cited, often abbreviated as "ibid" or "ib".

Origin:

Late 18th century: latin, "in the same place".

Examples:

1. The author's argument is outlined in more detail in chapter 3 (ibid., p. 45).
2. As previously stated (ibid.), the hypothesis is supported by the data.
3. According to the study (ibid.), the treatment is effective.
4. The data supports the theory (ibid., p. 23).
5. The author makes the same point in chapter 5 (ibid.).