Logarithm (noun)

A mathematical function that gives the power to which a number (the base) must be raised to produce a given value.

Origin:

From greek 'logos' meaning 'ratio' and 'arithmos' meaning 'number'.

Examples:

1. The logarithm of 100 with base 10 is equal to 2.
2. The logarithm function is the inverse of exponential function.
3. In logarithmic scale, equal ratios are represented by equal distances.
4. Calculators often have a button for finding logarithms.
5. The logarithm has wide applications in fields like science, engineering and finance.