Methodology (noun)

1. A systematic and theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study or discipline.
2. The principles and rules that guide research, analysis and interpretation in a particular field of study or discipline.
3. A set of methods or techniques that are used to solve problems or accomplish a particular objective.
4. The study of methods or procedures used in a particular field of research or study.
5. A structured approach to solving problems or making decisions that involves the use of logical and systematic thinking.

Origin:

From the greek words 'methodos' (method) and 'logos' (study or reasoning).

Examples:

1. The methodology section of a research paper describes the methods used to collect and analyze data.
2. In software development, the Agile methodology emphasizes iterative development and collaboration.
3. The methodology of economics involves the use of quantitative analysis and statistical modeling.
4. The scientific methodology is based on empirical observation, experimentation and hypothesis testing.
5. The Six Sigma methodology uses statistical analysis to identify and eliminate defects in a process.