Nutrient (noun)

1. A substance that is essential for the growth, health, and well-being of an organism.
2. A substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life.

Origin:

From latin nutrire "to nourish".

Examples:

1. Protein is an essential nutrient for the human body.
2. The plant needs the right balance of nutrients to grow.
3. The nutrient-rich soil helped the crops grow.
4. The nutrient-dense diet helped her maintain a healthy weight.
5. The nutrient supplement helped him recover from his illness.