Population (noun)

1. The whole number of people or inhabitants in a country or region.
2. A group of people or animals of the same species living in a particular geographical area.
3. The action of populating or becoming populated.

Origin:

Late middle english: from old french, from latin populatio(n-), from populare "people".

Examples:

1. The population of the country has increased significantly in recent years.
2. The population of the city is around 100,000 people.
3. The population of the island is mainly made up of farmers.
4. The country has a small but growing population of expatriates.
5. Overfishing has led to a decrease in the population of certain species of fish.