Positivism (noun)

1. A philosophical approach to knowledge that emphasizes the scientific method and empirical evidence, and asserts that knowledge can only be obtained through observation and experimentation.
2. A political philosophy that advocates for a limited role of government and a focus on economic and technical progress.

Origin:

The word 'positivism' comes from the latin word 'positum' which means something that is put in place or established. it was first used in english in the late 19th century to describe a philosophical approach to knowledge.

Examples:

1. The scientist's approach to the study of the natural world was characterized by positivism, relying solely on empirical evidence to form his conclusions.
2. The positivist movement of the 19th century led to significant advances in natural and social sciences.
3. The government's positivist approach to education focused on practical and technical subjects, rather than liberal arts.
4. Positivism has been criticized for neglecting the subjective experiences and beliefs of individuals.
5. The positivist perspective on the law views it as a set of rules and principles that are objectively determined and independent of personal beliefs and values.