Topography (noun)

1. The physical features of a land surface or region, including its relief, elevations, and drainage patterns.
2. The study of the physical features of the earth's surface, especially those features produced by geological processes.
3. The arrangement of features on a computer chip or other integrated circuit.

Origin:

Late 17th century from greek topographia "a description of a place", from topos "place" + -graphia (see -graphy).

Examples:

1. The topography of the region was characterized by rolling hills and fertile valleys.
2. The geographer studied the topography of the area to better understand its geological history.
3. The topography of the computer chip determines the efficiency and performance of the device.
4. She produced a detailed topography of the entire city using aerial photographs and satellite data.
5. The topography of the coastal area was affected by frequent storms and high tides.