Encephalitis (noun)

1. An inflammation of the brain, typically caused by a viral infection, that results in symptoms such as headache, fever, confusion, and drowsiness.
2. A rare autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the brain and spinal cord, leading to neurological symptoms.

Origin:

Late 19th century: from greek enkephalos 'brain' + -itis.

Examples:

1. Encephalitis can be a life-threatening condition if left untreated.
2. The patient was diagnosed with encephalitis after suffering from severe headaches and confusion for several days.
3. There is no cure for encephalitis, but treatment can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of complications.
4. Some of the viruses that can cause encephalitis include West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis, and Eastern equine encephalitis.
5. In rare cases, encephalitis can lead to long-term neurological problems such as memory loss, motor impairment, and cognitive difficulties.